EFFECT OF METHANOL EXTRACT OF ROOT Biduri (Calotropis gigantea L.) ON THE DEATH OF MOSQUITO LARVAE Aedes aegypti

ASTRACT

EFFECT OF METHANOL EXTRACT OF ROOT Biduri (Calotropis gigantea L.) ON THE DEATH OF MOSQUITO LARVAE Aedes aegypti

            Fazil Amris ¹, Tjut Mariam Z ², Binawati Ginting ³

 

¹Student Medical Education Study Program, Faculty of Medicine, Syiah Kuala University in Banda Aceh
Address: Campus Faculty of Medicine Unsyiah, Darussalam-Banda Aceh, Fax. 7551843, Postal Code 23 111
E-mail: Fariz.al89fk @ gmail.com, Phone: +6585260020010
²Lecturer Medical Education Study Program, Faculty of Medicine, Syiah Kuala University in Banda Aceh
Address: Campus Faculty of Medicine Unsyiah, Darussalam-Banda Aceh, Fax. 7551843, Postal Code 23 111
E-mail: Tjut Mariam@gmail.com, Phone: +6585260098859
³ Lecturer Chemical Studies Program, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Syiah Kuala University in Banda Aceh
Address: Faculty of Natural Sciences Campus Unsyiah, Darussalam-Banda Aceh, Fax 7551381, ZIP code 23111
E-mail: bina_laras@yahoo.com, Phone: +6581360738524

Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) is an infectious disease caused by dengue virus infection and transmission main through the bites of mosquitoes Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus. So far, mosquito control is still focused on the use of synthetic insecticides, which cause environmental pollution, the death of various types of living creatures and the resistance of the pest eradication, alternative current that can be taken is the eradication of the vector through biological control. This study aims to determine the effect of methanol extract of the roots Biduri (Calotropis gigantea L.) on larval mortality of A. aegypti fourth instar. Phytochemical test results showed that the root of C. gigantea L. contain saponins and coumarin compounds, bioassay of the methanol root extract of C. gigantea L. at a concentration of 500 ppm, 1000 ppm and 1500 ppm and were analyzed by Anova test, mortality of larvae of A. aegypti fourth instar increased with increasing concentration and treatment within 3 hours of treatment all larvae dying. LC (lethal concentration) 50 in 135 ppm and LC 90 in a concentration of 502 ppm, suspected death occurred due to the toxic effect of the compound group saponins namely cardiac glikosid (kardenolid) through inhibition of the enzyme N +-K +-ATPase levels of intracellular, causing interruption of transmission stimuli on nervous system resulting in lower muscle coordination and respiratory problems larvae ended, therefore it can be concluded that the methanol root extract Biduri (C. gigantea L.) is very influential on the death of the larvae of A. aegypti fourth instar, so we need to do the isolation and characterization of active compounds from C. gigantea. L.            
 
Keywords: DHF, Aedes aegypti, Calotropis gigantea L.